مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد
سال بیست و پنجم شماره 8 (پیاپی 133، آبان 1396)

Episiotomy has some complications such as inflammation, edema, dehiscence and perineal pain. The object of this study was comparison of the early complications of episiotomy repair with rapid vicryl and chromic catgut in the nulliparous women.
In this randomized clinical trial, 100 nulliparous women during labor were randomly selected and divided equally into two groups (50 in each group). Repair of episiotomy in the first group with rapid vicryl and in the second group with chromic catgut was done. The tools were questionnaires on demographic and midwifery characteristics, Reeda scale and visual analog scale. The participants were evaluated in 4 visits: 24 hours, 3-5 days, 2 weeks and 6 weeks after delivery, respectively. In each visit, the severity of pain, redness, edema, ecchymosis, discharge and proximity to the edges of the episiotomy wound and pain intensity score were assessed. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (v. 16).
Mean pain intensity scores in two groups showed no significant differences. But for Episiotomy wound healing at intervals of 24 hours, 3-5 days and two weeks after delivery, but the total score of Reeda scale in rapid vicryl group was lower than chromic catgut group and this difference was statistically significant (p Based on these findings, it seems that the use of synthetic sutures such as rapid vicryl is more effective than conventional natural sutures in episiotomy repair

Effective policies to reduce non-communicable diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases can be achieved using reliable evidence. Considering the importance and high cost of cardiovascular diseases, the present study was conducted to determine the population attributable fraction of cardiovascular disease associated with diabetes mellitus in the Yazd city
This study used the epidemiological data on prevalence of diabetes mellitus from Yazd Health Study (YaHS), which was conducted from 2013 to 2014 in Yazd Greater Area. Measurement of the association (relative risk) between diabetes and cardiovascular diseases was adopted from Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Population attributable fraction was calculated using these the prevalence and relative risk according to the relevant equation.
Population attributable fraction of cardiovascular disease due to diabetes was more in females )12.3% -%95 CI=10.8-13.6) compared to males (6.5% -95% CI=5.6-7.4) ) . In other words, up to 6.5% of cardiovascular diseases in males and 12.3% of it in female can be prevented by reducing the prevalence of diabetes in Yazd population.
Population attributable fraction of cardiovascular disease associated with diabetes is higher in females who live in Yazd city compared to males, thus more health promotion and diabetes’ prevention programs should be introduced to this group. More prevention programs are needed to control diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, consequentially.

Spermatogenesis is a strictly regulated process in sperm production that is needed for sperm production transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulations. The cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding (CPEB) protein regulates cytoplasmic polyadenylation of mRNAs in oogenesis and spermatogenesis. The purpose of the present studywas examining the association between rs2303846, which is located at 3'UTR of CPEB gene, and Iranian male infertility.
In this case–control analysis, 140 blood samples were collected (70 fertile men and 70 infertile men). rs2303846 genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP method and the results were confirmed by sequencing. The differences in genotype distributions between cases and fertile controls were examined using Chi-squared analysis and SNPSTAT software. Corelation between this SNP and miRNAs was examined.
TT genotype was observed in 5 infertile men among 70 case samples, while all control samples showed CC genotype and there was a significant association in this difference (P= 0.023). This SNP exist in seed region of three miRNAs (hsa-miR-143-5p, hsa-miR- 6511b-5p, hsa-miR-3944-5p) and T allele causes seed destruction. In addition, T allele leads to the loose binding of all the selected miRNAs.
Our results indicate that rs2303846, which is located on CPEB1 is associated with the risk of infertility in Iranian population. Our bioinformatics analysis showed that changing the T allele of rs2303846, instead of C allele could loose miRNA binding to their target genes in our selected miRNAs. Consequently, the gene is stable and its expression continues.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that affects all the physiological systems of the body and recently, the age of suffering from DM has decreased. The aim of this study was to assess the semen parameters of males with DM type 2 and non-diabetic males without any metabolic disorders.
This study was a case-control study. In this study, semen samples were taken from19 male patients with DM type 2 as the case group, and 29 male non-diabetic males as the control group. Semen samples analyzed according to the standards of WHO (volume, count, motility and morphology).
Assessment of semen parameters in the case and control groups showed that progressive motility, count and morphology decreased significantly. There was no significant decrease in volume of semen samples.
Our results showed that DM type 2 has detrimental effects on semen parameters and it can reduce male fertility potential in men with DM type 2.

Angiogenesis is one of the most important biological processes that any disruption of it can cause diseases. The main point of the molecular guidance in this process is the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that acts through its receptors and is one of the angiogenesis specific regulators. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Ocimumbasilicum aqueous and alcoholic extract on VEGF gene expression changes in chick chorioallantoic membrane.
In this empirical study, 60 Ross fertilized eggs were randomly divided into 6 groups, including control group, sham-exposed group, and 4 experimental groups. On the second day of incubation, a window was opened on the eggs and on the eighth day 50 and 150 mg/kg of basil aqueous and alcoholic extracts were injected into the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). On the twelfth day, for RNA extraction and VEGF gene expression examination the chorioallantoic membrane was sampled, then cDNA was synthesized and VEGF gene expression changes were studied using quantitative data analysis in all groups.
The results showed that VEGF gene expression- under the influence of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of basil- increased in all experimental groups compared to the sham group, but the rise was more in those groups, which were treated with aqueous extract, in both dosages, than alcoholic extract-treated groups.
Both aqueous and alcoholic extracts of basil increased VEGF gene expression. The study showed an increase in the number and length of vessels. According to the increasing effects, basil aqueous and alcoholic extracts can affect the molecular processes of growth and dependent processes.

Infidelity has detrimental effects on the mental and physical health of victims. The aim of the present study is to identify psychosomatic reactions and physical effects of infidelity on the victims.
a qualitative research was used in this study. The study population consisted of women who are victims of infidelity in Tehran. Participants were selected through purposive sampling and in-depth interviews had been conducted with 18 women with the experience of infidelity. Data analyzed by thematic analysis method.
Findings: The results suggest that couples show different psychosomatic reactions to infidelity. Data analysis resulted in 12 main categories and 39 sub-categories. The main categories of psychosomatic reactions were as follows: 1. sleep and dream interruptions, 2. eating interruptions, 3. impaired brain function, 4. physical symptoms of anxiety and stress, 5. blood pressure problems, 6. hormonal interruptions, 7. signs of premature aging, 8. gastrointestinal problems, 9. respiratory and pulmonary problems, 10- visual problems, 11. cardiovascular problems, and 12. direct physical injuries.
Results of the present study revealed that infidelity is a psychological phenomenon with some physical effects. These effects are not experienced by all female victims alike. This suggests a different perception of female victims and its related processes that cause different patterns of psychosomatic reactions to the infidelity among them.

Marine macro algae used in pharmaceutical, medical, food, cosmetics and health. Bioactive compounds in seaweeds have widespread the effects of antibacterial, antitumor, antifungal, antioxidant and anticancer. In this study, the antioxidant properties of the extracts of Cystoseira trinodis collected from the Chabahar Bay were studied.
In this experimental study, methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts of Cystoseira trinodis were prepared. To evaluate the antioxidant properties of algal extracts, the methods of free radical scavenging DPPH, metal chelating activity and ferric reducing activity were used. One way ANOVA and Tukey Posthoc tests were used as statistical analysis by Graphpad-Prism 6 software.
The results showed that the highest antioxidant capacity based on the DPPH test for C. trinodis were respectively for ethyl acetate extract (92±4.96% inhibition), in metal ions chelating activity test, the findings were 60.92±0.31% for the ethyl acetate extract, and in ferric reducing activity test, and the chloroform extract absorbance was 0.885±0.03 in 1 mg/ml concentration.
This study shows that the different algal extracts of C. trinodis has antioxidant properties with varying degrees and effective use of this compound as a therapeutic tool can be programmed. Further research on the purification and extraction of the constituents of the extract and identification the most effective combination should be conducted.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world and among the types of cancer, leukemia is one of the deadliest. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is the best known types of leukemia. Hydralazine is in the cardiovascular medical group, which is considering as inhibitory factor on the proliferation of cancer cells by knowing its inhibitory effects on DNA methyltransferase. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effects of hydralazine on K562 cells proliferation.
First, the K562 cells were cultured. After, the different concentrations of the hydralazine were prepared and the cells were treated for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Next, the inhibitory effects of this drug on K562 cells proliferation was measured by MTT assay. Hoechst (33342) staining and DNA electrophoresis was used to check apoptosis. Data analyses were performed using SPSS software (Version 20) and ANOVA test (P MTT assay results showed that hydralazine has the highest cytotoxic activity in 80μM at 72 hours. Drug IC50 was obtained 81 micromolar. And also the results of Hoechst staining and DNA electrophoresis showed that hydralazine was caused apoptosis.
In the present study, it was shown that hydralazine induces cells death by apoptosis and this effect was dose-dependent and treat time dependent. It is suggested that more studies will be done on the effects of this drug on animal models and human.